BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM Swietenia macrophylla (MAHOGANY) SEEDS
Keywords:
Biodiesel production, mahogany seed oil, Transesterification, Biofuel, Swietenia macrophylla seedAbstract
Extraction of oil from the seeds of Swietenia macrophylla was carried out to determine its potential for bio-oil production and the eventual making of liquid biodiesel products. Central composite design of the response surface methodology was the experimental design employed considering reaction time, catalyst loading and amount of methanol as operating variables in the production of biodiesel. The biodiesel production, produced via transesterification process using the extracted oil from the seed, was catalyzed by potassium hydroxide and methanol. Hexane was used as the solvent in the extraction of oil from the seed. Essential characteristics of the seed, the extracted oil from the seed, and the produced biodiesel were all determined. The result showed that the seed has a moisture content of 10.6%. About 48.44% by weight of seed was elevated as bio-oil with 0.86 g/cm3 density and 6.25 pH. After refining, 36.10% by weight of the extracted oil constituted the final biodiesel product. The FTIR analysis identified the possible presence of alkanes, esters, aromatics, hydroxyl, and carbonyl in the biodiesel, compounds which are similar to the other biodiesel profile. Calorific analysis revealed biodiesel’s high heating value of 39.87 MJ/kg, generally equal to 40 MJ/kg of the commercial heavy fuel. This work demonstrated that seeds from S. macrophylla are useful biomass in the production of high-energy biodiesel, a finding with huge implications for the biofuel industry.
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